Tombstone on Fake Kurdistan: Turkmen Political and Religious Movements in Iraq

In three previous articles, entitled "William Guthrie´s Turcomania: the Correct Name for Inexistent Kurdistan" (http://www.buzzle.com/articles/william-guthrie-turcomania-the-correct-name-for-inexistent-kurdistan.html), "Jews and Turkmen Can Prosper Again in Tuz Khurmatu – With Turkey Annexing North Iraq" (http://www.buzzle.com/articles/jews-and-turkmen-can-prosper-again-in-tuz-khurmatu-with-turkey-annexing-north-iraq.html) and ´Iraq´s Turkmenia to Merge with Turkey: Primary Concern of All Turks and Muslims´ (http://www.buzzle.com/articles/iraq-turkmenia-to-merge-with-turkey-primary-concern-of-all-turks-and-muslims.html), I published the first three chapters of an insightful book published by Mofak Salman Kerkuklu, one of the Turkmen foremost intellectuals, on "The Turkmen City of Tuz Khormatu".

As the book bears witness to the Turkmen identity of the Northern Iraqi city, it consists in an excellent refutation of disastrous plans that provide for the formation of a fake state ´Kurdistan´ which will plunge into strife and disaster the subjugated non-Kurdish nations and ethno-religious groups, either those identified as other (Turkmen, Aramaean, Jewish) or those labeled "Kurds" (Zaza, Sorani, Yazidi, Ahl-e Haq, Feyli, etc.).

In the present article, I publish the book´s fourth chapter, and more specifically those dedicated to the political and religious movements in Tuz Khormatu. Through various testimonies, the unbreakable interconnection with Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, Azebaijan and Central Asia is highlighted.

The Turkmen historicity of many lands falsely claimed as ´Kurdish´ will be one of the obstacles to the evil plans of the Apostate Freemasonic Lodge to set up a bogus-state called Kurdistan that will be the Hell-on-Earth.

The Turkmen City of Tuz Khormatu

By Mofak Salman Kerkuklu

Chapter Four: The Political and Religious Movements in Tuz Khormatu

4.1 The Bektes Underground Movement

The Bektes Underground Movement is a secretive and religious movement: it was founded at the time of the Ottoman Empire. The Bektes movement is divided into two religious movements: the Alsophi and Dervish movements´. The supporters of the Alsophi movement follow the prophet Mohammed´s religious principles (pbuh), whereas the Dervish movement follows the same principles as the Sophia movement but with only a minor difference, in that the supporters and the followers of this movement have their leader chosen from followers of Imam Al‐Hussein, in other words he has to be a Shi´aa.

4.2 The Political Movement During the Monarchy

Since the establishment of the republic of Iraq in 1921, several political movements and parties have been formed: one of the outstanding political parties established in Iraq in the period of King Faysil the First was the Hizb Alwaten ´Homeland Party´. The head of this party was Jafer Abu Al_Teman; the party had tremendous support in the district of Tuz Khormatu and Mr Mohammed Kora Moussa, Mullah Hassan Ali Nacar and Haj Mohammed Ali Beyrakdar were active members of the party. However, owing to the occupation of Iraq by the British, the suppression and oppression of Iraqis by the British resulted in the establishment of more political parties, such as the ´Hizb Al_dustur ´Constitution Party´, which was established by Nuri Al_Saeyid.

The Hizb Al dustur party had a lot of supporters among Turkmen in Tuz Khormatu, such as Ali AfendiI Ben Mullah Wali, Khurshid Agha Qanber Efendi, Zaynal Al‐Abdin Mohammed Bakir Agha, Nuri asker Mullah Elias and many others. Moreover, the Hizb al Umma Al isteraki ´Social Motherland Party´ which was led by Salih Jabber had popular support in the region. Some Turkmen supporters for Salih Jabber party were Zaynal Abdin Qanber Agha, Refik Kazi, Sayid Jewad and Kelender Shebaz. Although the Communist Party was popular among the Iraqi people, the party was forbidden from entering the political arena openly and the Communist Party idea was spread among the Tuz Khormatu people by the leader Ali Mohammed Kora Mussa but later on, Mr Zaynal Abdin Rashid, Emin Ahmed Ismail and Khurshid Aziz joined the Communist Party.

However, after the Ba´ath Party took over in 1998, the majority of the Communist Party members were arrested by Saddam Hussein´s regime, whereas the other members either joined the Ba´ath Party involuntarily or escaped from Iraq to avoid persecution by the Ba´ath regime.

In addition, a Turkmen movement occurred in Tuz Khormatu: the Turkmen movement commenced in Tuz Khormatu in the forties and in general after War World Two. The Turkmen movement in the forties began in group organisations. The coffee shops, local gathering places and the Mr Aziz Agha, Cay Khannasi (tea house) in Tuz Khormatu were used as meeting points for Turkmen activists, Midhat Kisrow, Haki Agha, Nuri Asker Mullah Ilyas, Aziz Abbas, Mullah Naci Hammush, Mullah Hassan Rashid, Ali Maruf Oglu, Hassan Koram, Khayrullah Bellaw, Haydir Samin Nacar and others. The Turkmen activists managed to open a Youth library named ´Genclik Kitab Evi´; the library was used as a gathering place in spreading national ideas among the population in Tuz Khormatu and the Genclik Kitab Evi was closed by the Communist leader Abdulkarim Kasim when he took on power in 1959.

The other Turkmen organisation in Tuz Khormatu is the Hareket Al Turkmen al takdumi ´Turkmen Progressive Movement´, which was established in 1970. Some members of this organisation are Abdullatif Bender Oglu, Khayrullah Kasim Daquqlu and Tarik Abdulbaki. Later on, Mohammed Ismail, Ramzi Chaoish and Sahib Hasan joined this organisation.

4.3 The Turkmen Shi´aa movement

The Turkmen Shi´aa movement was established in Tuz Khormatu and the main objectives of this organisation are spreading religious ideas amongst the public. The Turkmen Shi´aa movement is a static organisation and has no political activities. The key members of these organisations are Mullah Hassan Nacar, Mullah Ibrahim Abbas Efendi, Sayid Reza Tesenli, Haj Mohammed Ahmed Beyrakdar, Sheikh Mohammed Ali Kenci and Mullah Khurshid Kora Mussa.

4.4 The Turkmen National Movement

The Turkmen National Movement commenced after the establishment of the Monarchy by the British mandate on Iraq and party numbers have increased dramatically since the 1958 revolution and especially after the massacre of the Turkmen by the Kurds in Kirkuk in 1959. After the massacre of the Turkmen, a large number of intellectual peoples have joined this movement.

The Turkmen National Movement is one of the strongest organisations in Tuz Khormatu and this organisation was accused by the communist government of Abdul Karim of being an ultranationalist (Turani movement) organisation and was branded unjustly as loyal to Turkey. The most outstanding members of this movement are Nuri Sahbaz Berber, Mohammed Mehi Ak Su, Moussa Ismail, Helmi Ak Su, Abbass Kalendar Shebaz, Ekrem Tuzlu, Nuri Mustafa, Ezaddin Zaynal Abdin , Mohammed Ali Bolat, Abdulhussein Kalendar Shebaz, Bakir Qanber, Esmat Pasha, Mohammed Ismail, Ezaddin Ismail Terzi, Yasar Mehdi Ali, Zaynal Abdin Kherbenda, Shawki Rashid Chayir and Nuri Zaynal Abdin Kerwanchi. The Turkmen National Movement party was named Melletci Turkmen ´Turkmen Nationalist´ and when the Ba´ath party took over the social government in military coup in 1968, the members of Turkmen National Movement party were arrested and the party was forbidden from fulfilling its political activities. Thus, the activities of this party became limited. The gatherings of members were secretive and local social events were used as a cover for their meetings.

4.5 Hizb Aldawa Al_Islami (Al_Dawa Party)

The Dawa Party is a religious movement and appeared on the Tuz Khormatu political arena in the mid seventies. Mohammed Abdullah Bolat, Kamel Qanber Chayir, Ali Rashid Ornakay, Sheik Ismail Ali Bazerkan, Sheik Mehdi Ibrahim Basherli, Akram Karim Kassab, Ali Samin Ismail and others were the first members of this party in the Tuz Khormatu district, but later on the party was split into two groups.

One of the groups stayed with the original Dawa Party, whereas the other group had decided to establish the Turkmen Islamic Movement and the latter was led by Sheik Mehdi Ibrahim Basherli, Sami Eryan Mohammed Wali, Ali Wahab Berber, Ali Mehdi Nacar and others. However, some Turkmen Islamic Movement members were arrested and executed by Saddam Hussein´s regime and the others escaped from Iraq.

4.6 The Kurdish Movement in Tuz Khormatu

In the mid seventies, a single Kurdish political party was established in the Tuz Khormatu region by the Kurds and was known as Jalali or Parti. The name of the party was derived from Mr Jalal Talabani who is the head of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan and the overwhelming majority of its members were members of the communist regime in 1958. However, in the mid seventies and eighties, large numbers of members of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan were arrested by Saddam Hussein´s regime and the remaining members have managed to escape to the mountains and join the Kurdish rebels in their fight against the Iraqi troops.

4.7 Social Ba´ath Party

The Social Ba´ath Party was first formed in Tuz Khormatu after the 1958 revolution, which was led by the brigand Abdul Karim Kasim, who eliminated the Social Ba´ath Party leaders by imprisoning them. However, after the revolution in 1968, Saddam Hussein´s government managed to establish a strong root for the party in Tuz Khormatu and encouraged the Arabs and Ba´ath party members to move to the area by providing them with free land and other rewards. The Social Ba´ath Party is also partially supported by the Albayat tribe, who live in the region. One of the prominent members of the Ba´ath party in Tuz Khormatu is Moussa Ahmed Alubaydi.

Note

Picture: Shia Turkmen on the Holy Feast of Ashura (1960) in Tuz Khurmatu; among them the famous Sheikh Ibrahim.